Uncharacteristic problem - PWM high/low modulation on STM32G431KB nucleo possibly causing shoot through?

Yes, this is enough to monitor the PWM signals, which are only in the range 1-100kHz normally.
I use the cheap ones all the time for this, with the free PulseView application.

Ouch! For testing, which motor are you using, what’s the resistance? Have you set a driver.voltage_limit and motor.voltage_limit? When doing first tests, try to set these limits (and also the PSU itself) conservatively (i.e. low!) to help prevent things getting damaged.

Do you have pull-down resistors on your drivers’ and or MOSFET’s inputs? These can be important to keep the driver in a defined state when the MCU is starting up.

Are you working in ArduinoIDE or PlatformIO?

Normally, the G431 is well supported, and the PWM generation should work fine. Of course, dead-time could be too low at the default setting, you can try to increase it to see if this helps (driver.dead_zone = 0.1;).