Questions about the reading speed of the SPI sensor

I am not sure what you mean by “occupancy issue”.

Probably the ADC reads are just taking their time, so you have less CPU time for other tasks, so the update frequency is lower.

If your ESP32 has two cores you can try reading the ADC on the other core. If the sensor updates go back to 150kHz then it was the time of the ADC reads you were seeing…