The l6234 is unusual/amazing in that it can handle a fair amount of current 1A (up to peak of 5A if you can keep it cool enough) without external mosfets! Conceptually i think of the l6234 as drv8301 but with an additional 6 mosfets (3 half bridges) hidden inside the silicon. So to get the equivalent you’ll want a drv8301 + 6 external mosfets. Having external mosfets means they can be more easily cooled and rated differently/higher.
If you use a bench power supply (or were super careful without one) you’d probably be able to get your 1ohm motor to spin under no load but it’s torque would be 10% of its potental. I’ve run 1.3ohm motors with the shield.
Lets say i took your motor plugged it up to 12v power supply and set a current limit to 1A and used the simplefoc shield without being careful in software (i.e not setting voltage limit to 0.5 to 1V). If what you ask the motor to do e.g run at 300rpm requires 12v then using I=V/R you’ll be pulling 12/1 i.e 12A! (not sure if calc is quite that simple but it’s close).
How does the limiting bench powersupply help? It would gracefully ‘brown out’. The current would be limited to 1A but the supply voltage would fade to 1 or 2 volts. The l6234d would probably switch off (it needs about 6v to operate) but you wouldn’t have hurt the shield. So now you should go back to your software and put in equivalent software guards (voltage limit of 1 or 2v) and try again.
If you used a dumb power supply or battery, that l6234 would be facing a whole world of pain, 12Ax12v. I.e 144W. Remember how hot a 100w light bulb got? The l6234 has some protection, it might be ok but its a gamble.
I bought a 150W variable bench supply for less than $100 and it is awesome. I’ve got the 6 presets set for 3.3 , 5, 9,12,18, 24V and use it all the time
https://www.ebay.com/itm/283945167448
The documentation that came with the above was terrible. Lots of other 150W variable PSUs out there but i wanted the presets.